Authors are required to declare the funding, conflict of interest and to indicate whether ethical approval was sought.

This information must also be inserted into your manuscript under the acknowledgments section.

If you have no declaration to make please insert the following statements into your manuscript: Funding: None, Competing interests: None declared, Ethical approval: Not required.

Work on human beings that is submitted to AJIED should comply with the principles laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki; Recommendations guiding physicians in biomedical research involving human subjects.

Adopted by the 18th World Medical Assembly, Helsinki, Finland, June 1964, amended by the 29th World Medical Assembly, Tokyo, Japan, October 1975, the 35th World Medical Assembly, Venice, Italy, October 1983, and the 41st World Medical Assembly, Hong Kong, September 1989.

The manuscript should contain a statement that the work has been approved by the appropriate ethical committees related to the institution(s) in which it was performed and that subjects gave informed consent to the work.

Studies involving experiments with animals must state that their care was in accordance with institution guidelines.